Mutual pro-drugs of .BETA.-lactam antibiotics and .BETA.-lactamase inhibitors.

In vitro susceptibilities of Capnocytophaga isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors.

The susceptibilities of 43 pharyngeal isolates of Capnocytophaga to beta-lactam antibiotics, alone or in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors, were tested by an agar dilution method. The 34 beta-lactamase-positive strains were highly resistant to beta-lactams, but the intrinsic activities of clavulanate, tazobactam, and sulbactam against Capnocytophaga, even beta-lactamase producers, indi...

The Survey of Genes Encoding Beta-Lactamases, in Escherichia Coli Resistant to Beta-Lactam and Non-Beta-Lactam Antibiotics

Objective(s) Resistance to the new generation of cephalosporins which is mediated by Extended-Spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) has been found among Escherichia coli isolates throughout the world. These resistance genes and their producers, the micro-organisms carrying beta-lactamases, are responsible for serious clinical and therapeutic problems among inpatients and it is necessary to pay more...

Beta-Lactam Antibiotics and Vancomycin Beta-lactam antibiotics

Anti-bacterial drugs have “selective toxicity”, that is they interact with a target present on the bacterial cell, the prokaryote, that is not present in the mammalian host, the eukaryote. For the ß-lactam drugs, this target is the cell wall. Mammalian cells lack cell walls, which for the bacteria are a critically important barrier protecting the organism from not only the vagaries of osmotic s...

Chemistry of Beta Lactam Antibiotics

Humans have been plagued with the threat of bacterial infection since before the dawn of recorded history, and have thus always had a keen interest in finding a suitable treatment for these maladies. In the early part of the 19th century, colonial Americans were fearful of death by bacterial infections that are now considered routine, and usually inquired about one another's health in their let...

High beta-Lactamase Levels Change the Pharmacodynamics of beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms